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Wild Blue Yonder 1: 50 Years of Gs & Jets
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Wild Blue Yonder - Episode 1 - 50 Years of Gs and Jets (Digital Ranch) (Spectrum Holobyte)(1-107-40-101)(1994).iso
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00019_Field_19.txt
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1994-08-29
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Birth of the Sabre
In the race to develop a jet fighter, North American Aviation
obtained data on captured Messerschmitt Me 262s, and closely
examined the sweep of the German jet's wing. The company's
project designers realized sweeping the wing backwards would
allow higher subsonic speeds and delay the advance of the
critical Mach number. Lt. General Bill Craigie, the Air Force
officer in charge of developing the XP-86, decided the plane
would have a 35-degree wing sweep. His decision changed a
mediocre fighter into the United States' best fighter for the
next decade.
Design work on the XP-86 began in 1944. The original prototype
had a straight wing and a fat fuselage. It differed from the
competing Lockheed XP-80 by using an axial flow engine that
permitted a straight passage of air from the nose intake to the
exhaust. Unlike the German Me 262, which used unpowered leading
edge slats, North American adopted automatic slats to make the
jet a stable gun platform.
The first flight of the XP-86 came on October 1, 1947. Although
its engine was weaker than that of the Lockheed XP-80, the Sabre
clearly flew better, and the government rushed to order it.
Production models got a vital performance boost with the
installation of the General Electric J47 engine; this power plant
had 5,200 pounds of thrust and gave the Sabre a 692-mph top speed.
For years, rumors have persisted that XP-86 test pilot George
Welch exceeded the speed of sound in a dive before Chuck
Yeager's October 14, 1947 flight in the X-1. While this is
possible -- Sabre pilots would go on to break the sound barrier
routinely -- it is improbable. The first time the XP-86
officially went supersonic was on April 26, 1948. Fittingly
enough, the first unit to receive these impressive jet fighters
was the 94th, Captain Eddie Rickenbacker's old Hat in the Ring
squadron.